關(guān)于國(guó)產(chǎn)與進(jìn)口潘庫(kù)溴銨臨床藥效學(xué)的比較
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作者:張英民,王慶德,陳 敏,鞏 固,李萌萌,侯立朝 【關(guān)鍵詞】 潘庫(kù)溴銨 關(guān)鍵詞: 潘庫(kù)溴銨;藥效學(xué);對(duì)照臨床試驗(yàn) 摘 要:目的 研究國(guó)產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨的藥效學(xué)(作用起效時(shí)間、高峰時(shí)間、維持時(shí)間)及不良反應(yīng). 方法 選擇ASA I~I(xiàn)I級(jí)擇期全麻手術(shù)、心肝腎功能正常、無神經(jīng)肌肉傳導(dǎo)功能疾病的患者60例,設(shè)試驗(yàn)組40例(用國(guó)產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨);對(duì)照組20例(用進(jìn)口潘庫(kù)溴銨).采取隨機(jī)對(duì)照觀察方法,以x ±s作為判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn). 結(jié)果 兩組用藥后作用起效時(shí)間、高峰時(shí)間和維持時(shí)間無顯著差異(P>0.05). 結(jié)論 國(guó)產(chǎn)/進(jìn)口兩種制劑在起效時(shí)間、作用高峰時(shí)間和維持時(shí)間無顯著差異(P>0.05),肌松作用滿意,無不良反應(yīng).國(guó)產(chǎn)制劑臨床使用安全,經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用. Keywords:pancuronium bromide;pharmacodynamics;con-trolled clinical trials Abstract:AIM To study the pharmacodynamics of pancuro-nium made in China as well as its side-effects when compared with imported pancuronium.METHODS Sixty patients with normal heart,lung and kidney functions,and without nerve-muscle conduction malfunction,with Grade I~I(xiàn)I of ASA(American Society of Anesthesiologists),scheduled for operation under general anesthesia,were randomly pided into experimental group(n=40,with pancuronium made in China)and control group(n=20,with imported pancuro-nium).All data were expressed as the style of x ±s.RESULTS No significant difference in the time to act,the peak action time and duration time was found between these two groups after the drug was administered(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with imported pancuronium,pancuronium made in China had similar time to act,peak action time and duration time,and had satisfactory muscle-relaxing action with no side effect,and was safe when applied clinically. 0 引言 潘庫(kù)溴銨(Pancurouium Bromide)是一種長(zhǎng)效非去極化肌肉松弛藥,與氯化筒箭毒相比,具有不釋放組織胺和無神經(jīng)節(jié)阻斷作用的優(yōu)點(diǎn),該藥已被廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床.近年來國(guó)內(nèi)已開始引進(jìn)意大利Sicor公司的原料研制生產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨注射液,為評(píng)價(jià)國(guó)產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨的肌肉松弛作用及安全性.我們對(duì)國(guó)產(chǎn)與進(jìn)口潘庫(kù)溴銨的藥效學(xué)進(jìn)行臨床比較觀察,旨在為我國(guó)臨床麻醉工作者安全應(yīng)用國(guó)產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨新型肌松藥提供參考. 1 對(duì)象和方法 1.1 對(duì)象 選擇60例ASA I~I(xiàn)I級(jí)心、肝、腎功能正常,無神經(jīng)肌肉傳導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)疾病以及水電解質(zhì)平衡紊亂,擇期行胸腹及顱腦全麻手術(shù)的患者.隨機(jī)分為2組,試驗(yàn)組40例用國(guó)產(chǎn)潘庫(kù)溴銨注射液;對(duì)照組20例用進(jìn)口潘庫(kù)溴銨注射液,有關(guān)資料見Tab1. 表1 患者一般情況及手術(shù)種類略 1.2 方法 全部患者術(shù)前30min肌肉注射安定0.2mg?kg-1 ,阿托品0.01mg?kg-1 ,麻醉誘導(dǎo)靜脈注射安定0.3mg?kg-1 ,芬太尼5μg?kg-1 ,硫噴妥鈉5mg?kg-1 ,待患者入睡后,用Accelograph加速度儀的4個(gè)成串刺激(TOF)一側(cè)腕部尺神經(jīng),最大刺激強(qiáng)度為60mA.并引出T 1 ~T4 收縮反應(yīng).當(dāng)控制反應(yīng)穩(wěn)定后,靜脈注射國(guó)產(chǎn)/進(jìn)口潘庫(kù)溴銨注射液0.1mg?kg-1 ,繼續(xù)給予TOF最大強(qiáng)度刺激,同時(shí)記錄肌松作用起效時(shí)間(注藥至T3 ~T4 最大收縮程度受抑制時(shí)間)和作用高峰作用(指T1 開始減弱,T2 ,T3 ,T4 收縮反應(yīng)完全消失),達(dá)后者時(shí)可行氣管內(nèi)插管,以10g?L-1 普魯卡因、英諾氟(Innovar)及芬太尼間斷給藥維持麻醉.全麻維持期間繼續(xù)以TOF連續(xù)刺激直至T1 ,T2 ,T3 和T4 依次恢復(fù)收縮反應(yīng),當(dāng)T1 ,T2 接近正常時(shí)為維持時(shí)間.麻醉過程中連續(xù)觀察血壓(BP)、心率(HR)、心電圖(ECG)、脈搏氧飽和度(SpO2 )和呼氣末二氧化碳分壓(PET CO2 ),同時(shí)觀察皮膚有無潮紅、紅斑、支氣管痙攣、心律紊亂等不良反應(yīng).藥效評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是:比較兩組肌松作用的起效時(shí)間,作用高峰時(shí)間和維持時(shí)間.